I-O-nitrophenol
Ifomula yesakhiwo
Igama Lekhemikhali: O-nitrophenol
Amanye Amagama: 2-nitrophenol, O-hydroxynitrobenzene
Ifomula: C6H5NO3
Isisindo se-molecule: 139
Inombolo ye-CAS: 88-75-5
I-EINECS: 201-857-5
Inombolo yokuthutha yezimpahla eziyingozi: UN 1663
Imininingwane
1. Ukubukeka: I-crystal powder ephuzi ngokukhanyayo
2. Iphuzu elincibilikayo: 43-47℃
3. Ukunyibilika: kuncibilika ku-ethanol, ether, benzene, carbon disulfide, caustic soda namanzi ashisayo, kuncibilika kancane emanzini abandayo, kuguquguquke nesitimu.
Indlela Yokuhlanganisa
I-1.Indlela ye-Hydrolysis: i-o-nitrochlorobenzene i-hydrolyzed futhi i-asidi ngesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide.Faka u-1850-1950 l ka-76-80 g/L wesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide embizeni ye-hydrolysis, bese wengeza u-250 kg we-o-nitrochlorobenzene ehlanganisiwe.Uma ishisiswe ibe ngu-140-150 ℃ futhi ingcindezi icishe ibe ngu-0.45MPa, yigcine u-2.5h, bese uyiphakamisa iye ku-153-155 ℃ futhi ingcindezi icishe ibe ngu-0.53mpa, futhi uyigcine isikhathi esingu-3h.Ngemva kokusabela, ipholiswe ku-60 ℃.Faka amanzi angu-1000L kanye ne-60L egxilile ye-sulfuric acid ku-crystallizer kusengaphambili, bese ucindezela i-hydrolyzate eshiwo ngenhla, bese ufaka kancane kancane i-sulfuric acid kuze kube iphepha lokuhlola elibomvu lase-Congo liphenduka libe nsomi, bese wengeza iqhwa ukuze liphole libe ngu-30 ℃, gudluza, hlunga, futhi unyakazise. khipha ugologo ongumama nge-centrifuge ukuze uthole i-o-nitrophenol engu-210kg enokuqukethwe okungama-90%.Isivuno singaba ngu-90%.Enye indlela yokulungiselela i-nitration ye-phenol ibe yingxube ye-o-nitrophenol ne-p-nitrophenol, bese i-distillation ye-o-nitrophenol nomhwamuko wamanzi.I-nitrification yenziwa ku-15-23 ℃ futhi izinga lokushisa eliphezulu akufanele lidlule 25 ℃.
2.Phenol nitration.I-Phenol i-nitrate nge-nitric acid ukuze yakhe ingxube ye-o-nitrophenol ne-p-nitrophenol, bese ihlukaniswa yi-steam distillation.
Isicelo
Ingasetshenziswa njengendawo ephakathi ye-organic synthesis efana nemithi, udayi, umsizi wenjoloba kanye nezinto ezithatha izithombe.Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengenkomba ye-pH ye-monochromatic.
Indlela yokugcina
Isitolo esivaliwe endaweni yokugcina impahla epholile futhi enomoya.Gcina kude nomlilo nomthombo wokushisa.Kufanele igcinwe ngokuhlukana namakhemikhali e-oxidant, reductant, alkali nadliwayo, futhi ukugcinwa okuxubile kufanele kugwenywe.Kwamukelwe izindawo zokukhanyisa ezivikela ukuqhuma kanye nezindawo zokungenisa umoya.Akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa imishini namathuluzi alula ukukhiqiza izinhlansi.Indawo yokugcina kufanele ifakwe izinto ezifanele ukuqukatha ukuvuza, kude nomthombo wokushisa, inhlansi nelangabi elivuthayo kanye nezindawo eziqhumayo.
Ukunakwa
Ukusebenza okuvaliwe ukuze kuhlinzekwe i-exhaust eyanele yendawo.Ama-operators kumele aqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile futhi alandele ngokuqinile izinqubo zokusebenza.Kuphakanyiswa ukuthi opharetha kufanele bagqoke imaski yothuli yohlobo lwe-self-priming filter, izibuko zokuphepha kwamakhemikhali, izingubo zokusebenza zokungena ushevu kanye namagilavu enjoloba.Gcina kude nomlilo nomthombo wokushisa.Akubhenywa emsebenzini.Sebenzisa uhlelo lokungenisa umoya olungaqhumi kanye nezinto zokusebenza.Gwema uthuli.Gwema ukuthintana ne-oxidant, i-ejenti enciphisayo kanye ne-alkali.Lapho ithwala, kufanele ilayishwe futhi yehliswe kancane ukuze kuvinjwe ukuthi iphakheji nesiqukathi singonakali.Imishini yokucisha umlilo yezinhlobonhlobo ezihambisanayo kanye nenani kanye nempahla yokwelapha eziphuthumayo evuzayo izohlinzekwa.Iziqukathi ezingenalutho zingaqukatha izinto eziyingozi.
