Izinto ezimhlophe ngokuvamile zimunca kancane ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (450-480nm) ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo (ububanzi begagasi obungu-400-800nm), okuholela kumbala oluhlaza onganele, okuwenza ube phuzi kancane, futhi kunikeza abantu umuzwa wokudala nokungahlanzekile ngenxa yobumhlophe obuthintekile .Kuze kube manje, abantu bathathe izinyathelo ezihlukene ukuze benze izinto zibe mhlophe futhi zikhanye.
Kunezindlela ezimbili ezivame ukusetshenziswa, enye i-Garland whitening, okungukuthi, ukwengeza inani elincane le-pigment eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (njenge-ultramarine) entweni ekhanya ngaphambili, emboza umbala ophuzi we-substrate ngokukhulisa ukubonakaliswa kwengxenye yokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. , okwenza kubonakale kumhlophe.Nakuba i-garland ingaba mhlophe, enye inomkhawulo, kanti enye iwukuthi ngenxa yokuncipha kwenani eliphelele lokukhanya okubonisiwe, ukukhanya kuyehla, futhi umbala wento uba mnyama.Enye indlela i-chemical bleaching, eqeda umbala ngokusabela kwe-redox ebusweni bento nge-pigment, ngakho-ke izolimaza nakanjani i-cellulose, futhi into ngemva kokugcoba inekhanda eliphuzi, elithinta isipiliyoni esibukwayo.I-Fluorescent whitening agents etholwe ngeminyaka yawo-1920 yenza amaphutha ezindlela ezingenhla futhi yabonisa izinzuzo ezingenakuqhathaniswa.
I-Fluorescent whitening agent iyinhlanganisela yemvelo ekwazi ukumunca ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet futhi ijabulise i-fluorescence eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.Izinto ezine-agent emhlophe ye-fluorescent ekhangisiwe zingabonisa ukukhanya okubonakalayo okukhanyiswe entweni, futhi Ukukhanya okungabonakali okungabonakali kwe-ultraviolet (ubude begagasi bungu-300-400nm) kuguqulwa kube ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-violet futhi kukhishwe, futhi okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuphuzi imibala ehambisanayo. komunye nomunye, ngaleyo ndlela kuqedwe okuphuzi ku-matrix ye-athikili, kuyenze ibe mhlophe futhi ibe yinhle.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhishwa kwento ekukhanyeni kuyanda, futhi amandla okukhanya aphumayo adlula amandla okukhanya okubonakalayo okuqala okuvezwa entweni ezocutshungulwa.Ngakho-ke, ubumhlophe bento ebonwa ngamehlo abantu buyanda, ngaleyo ndlela kufezeke inhloso yokuba mhlophe.
I-Fluorescent whitening agents ikilasi lezinhlanganisela eziphilayo ezinesakhiwo esikhethekile esiqukethe amabhondi amabili ahlanganisiwe kanye nokuhleleka okuhle.Ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga, ingakwazi ukumunca imisebe ye-ultraviolet engabonakali ngeso lenyama (i-wavelength ingu-300 ~ 400nm), ijabulise ama-molecule, bese ibuyela esimweni esiphansi, ingxenye yamandla e-ultraviolet izonyamalala, bese iguqulwa ibe ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. ngamandla aphansi (i-wavelength 420~480nm) ekhishiwe.Ngale ndlela, inani elikhanyayo lokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-violet ku-substrate lingakhuphuka, ngaleyo ndlela lisuse umuzwa ophuzi obangelwa inani elikhulu lokukhanya okuphuzi kokubonakaliswa kwento yasekuqaleni, futhi ngokubukeka kukhiqize umphumela omhlophe nocwebezelayo.
Ukwenziwa mhlophe kwe-ejenti emhlophe ye-fluorescent kuwumphumela wombala ocwebezelayo nohambisanayo kuphela, futhi akukwazi ukuthatha indawo yokuhlanza kwamakhemikhali ukuze kunikeze indwangu “mhlophe” kweqiniso.Ngakho-ke, uma indwangu enombala omnyama iphathwa nge-agent emhlophe ye-fluorescent yedwa ngaphandle kwe-bleaching, ubumhlophe obanelisayo abukwazi ukutholakala.I-ejenti yokushibilika kwamakhemikhali evamile iyi-oxidant enamandla.Ngemuva kokuthi i-fiber ifakwe i-bleached, izicubu zayo zizolimala ngezinga elithile, kuyilapho umphumela omhlophe we-agent emhlophe ye-fluorescent umphumela we-optical, ngakho ngeke ubangele ukulimala kwezicubu ze-fiber.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-agent emhlophe ye-fluorescent inombala we-fluorescent othambile futhi ocwebezelayo ekukhanyeni kwelanga, futhi ngenxa yokuthi akukho kukhanya kwe-ultraviolet ngaphansi kokukhanya kwe-incandescent, ayibukeki imhlophe futhi icwebezela njengokukhanya kwelanga.Ukushesha kokukhanya kwe-fluorescent whitening agents kuhlukile ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene, ngoba ngaphansi kwesenzo sokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, ama-molecule e-ejenti emhlophe azobhujiswa kancane kancane.Ngakho-ke, imikhiqizo ephathwa nge-fluorescent whitening agents ijwayele ukwehla ubumhlophe ngemva kokuchayeka elangeni isikhathi eside.Ngokuvamile, ukushesha kokukhanya kwe-polyester brightener kungcono, okwenayiloni ne-acrylic kumaphakathi, kanti okoboya nosilika kuphansi.
Ukushesha kokukhanya nomthelela we-fluorescent kuncike esakhiweni samangqamuzana e-ejenti emhlophe e-fluorescent, kanye nemvelo kanye nendawo yezinto ezithathelwanayo, njengokwethulwa kwe-N, O, namaqembu e-hydroxyl, amino, alkyl, ne-alkoxy kumakhompiyutha e-heterocyclic. , engasiza.Isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa umphumela we-fluorescence, kuyilapho iqembu le-nitro neqembu le-azo linciphisa noma liqede umphumela we-fluorescence futhi lithuthukise ukushesha kokukhanya.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-14-2022